Haptic Calm breathing guide

Which breathing technique, and when

Every breathing method has its own rhythm and its own moment. Here are the seven that Haptic Calm guides, side by side, with a step-by-step guide for five of them.

The 7 methods side by side

MethodRhythm (seconds)PaceGood moment
Steady breathingin 4 · out 47.5 a minuteAnytime — start here
Box breathingin 4 · hold 4 · out 4 · hold 43.8 a minuteBefore a talk or an exam
Physiological sighin 2 + top-up 1 · out 66.7 a minuteFastest when your heart races
4-7-8 Proin 4 · hold 7 · out 83.2 a minuteWhen you can't sleep
Resonant breathing Proin 5.5 · out 5.55.5 a minute5.5 a minute, the most relaxing for many
Longer exhale Proin 4 · out 66 a minuteTo slow yourself down
Your own rhythm Proyou chooseIn and out 2–10 s, holds 0–10 s

A quick way to choose

Good to know

Questions

What is the best breathing technique for anxiety?

There is no single best one. In a one-month Stanford study, five minutes a day of a breathing exercise or of mindfulness meditation both improved mood and eased anxiety, and the breathing exercises lifted mood more than meditation did, cyclic sighing (repeated physiological sighs) most of all. Pick the one you will actually practice. These are relaxation exercises, not a treatment for an anxiety disorder.

Which breathing technique helps you fall asleep?

Many people use 4-7-8 or a longer exhale at bedtime, because both make the out-breath longer than the in-breath. Studies so far have measured things like heart rate and blood pressure rather than sleep itself, so treat them as a way to wind down, not as a sleep treatment.

What is the easiest breathing exercise for beginners?

Steady breathing: in for 4 seconds, out for 4, with no holds. When that feels easy, try box breathing or a longer exhale.

How slow is slow breathing?

Studies of slow breathing usually mean fewer than about 10 breaths a minute. Resonant breathing is about 5.5 a minute, a longer exhale of 4 seconds in and 6 out is 6 a minute, and 4-7-8 is about 3.

Can I do these breathing exercises without looking at my phone?

Yes. Haptic Calm guides every method by vibration: it grows while you breathe in, fades while you breathe out and taps once a second during a hold. Steady breathing, box breathing and the physiological sigh are free; 4-7-8, resonant breathing, longer exhale and your own rhythm are part of Pro.

Before you start

  • Breathe gently. Stop and return to normal breathing if you feel dizzy, light-headed, tingly or tight in the chest.
  • If you are pregnant, or have a heart, lung or blood-pressure condition, ask your doctor before practicing breath holds or long exhales.
  • Don’t practice while driving, in water or anywhere a moment of light-headedness could be unsafe.
  • Breathing exercises can help you relax. They do not diagnose or treat any condition, and they don’t replace professional care.

About this guide

Written by the developer of Haptic Calm from the studies below and from how the app guides each method. It describes an everyday relaxation exercise, not a treatment.

  1. Balban MY, Neri E, Kogon MM, et al. (2023). Brief structured respiration practices enhance mood and reduce physiological arousal. Cell Reports Medicine.
  2. Zaccaro A, Piarulli A, Laurino M, et al. (2018). How Breath-Control Can Change Your Life: A Systematic Review on Psycho-Physiological Correlates of Slow Breathing. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
  3. Vierra J, Boonla O, Prasertsri P. (2022). Effects of sleep deprivation and 4-7-8 breathing control on heart rate variability, blood pressure, blood glucose, and endothelial function in healthy young adults. Physiological Reports.
  4. Lehrer PM, Gevirtz R. (2014). Heart rate variability biofeedback: how and why does it work?. Frontiers in Psychology.

Practice it with your eyes closed

Every method is guided by vibration, so your eyes can stay closed. Steady breathing, box breathing and the physiological sigh are free; 4-7-8, resonant breathing, longer exhale and your own rhythm come with Pro. Haptic Calm 2.0, which adds the breathing methods, is coming soon as a free update.

Download on the App Store